Technical Key Points for Using Steel Structures in Factory Buildings

The use of steel structures for factory buildings involves several technical aspects, including design, construction, material selection, and quality control. Below are some of the key technical points that can be used to describe the technical requirements for constructing steel structure factories:

1. Structural Design and Planning

Load Analysis: During the design of a steel structure factory, a detailed load analysis must be conducted, including dead load, live load, wind load, snow load, etc. This ensures that the structure can bear the weight of production equipment, personnel, materials, and other loads.

Large Span Design: Steel structures have excellent bearing capacity, allowing for large span designs. This reduces the need for intermediate columns, offering larger and more open spaces suitable for installing large equipment, production lines, and high-shelf systems.

Seismic Design: According to the seismic intensity of the area where the factory is located, appropriate seismic design should be performed to ensure the structure can remain stable during earthquakes or other natural disasters, safeguarding the safety of workers and equipment.

2. Material Selection and Performance

High-Quality Steel Selection: Choosing high-strength, corrosion-resistant steel is essential for steel structure factories. Commonly used steel includes carbon structural steel, low-alloy steel, and weather-resistant steel. Different types of steel should be selected based on the specific needs of the project.

Corrosion Protection: For environments with high humidity or chemical corrosion, special treatments such as hot-dip galvanizing or rust-proof coatings should be applied to enhance the durability of the steel structure.

Steel Connection Components: Common methods of steel connection include welding, bolted connections, and riveting. The right connection method must be chosen to ensure the stability and safety of the structure.

3. Construction Technology

Prefabrication and Factory Production: The main components of the steel structure, such as steel columns, beams, and roof panels, are typically prefabricated in factories to ensure production quality and precision. Prefabricated components can be directly transported to the construction site for assembly, reducing on-site construction time.

On-Site Installation and Hoisting: During construction, steel structure components are hoisted and installed using lifting machinery. The hoisting process must be conducted safely, and the weight, dimensions, and installation sequence of the components should be carefully planned.

Precision Control: During the installation of the steel structure, precise alignment of the components is essential, especially for large-span structures. The positions and dimensions of connections should meet design requirements to avoid any errors that could affect the stability of the structure.

4. Fire Protection and Safety Design

Fire Protection Treatment: Steel structures have high strength but can lose part of their bearing capacity under high temperatures. Therefore, fireproof coatings or sprayed fire-resistant materials should be applied to enhance the fire resistance of the steel structure.

Safety Protection Measures: During construction, worker safety must be ensured, particularly during hoisting and high-altitude work. Safety measures should be put in place to protect personnel during these operations.

5. Insulation and Heat Insulation Design

Roof and Wall Insulation: The roof and exterior walls of a steel structure factory usually require insulation to reduce energy consumption, especially in areas with significant temperature variations. Common insulation materials include polyurethane, rock wool, and polystyrene.

Energy-Efficient Design: Energy-saving designs should be considered based on the functional requirements of the factory, such as natural ventilation, lighting, and heat insulation, which can reduce the need for air conditioning and lighting.

6. Waterproof and Drainage Design

Roof Waterproofing: The waterproof design of the steel structure factory’s roof is critical. Waterproof materials and drainage systems should be installed to prevent water leakage, avoiding rainwater infiltration into the factory.

Drainage System: The drainage system should be designed according to the rainfall in the factory’s location, including rainwater pipes and slopes to ensure smooth water flow, preventing water accumulation that could affect the structure of the factory.

7. Environmental and Comfort Design

Ventilation Design: Proper ventilation is essential for maintaining air quality inside the factory, preventing the buildup of harmful gases. Natural ventilation or mechanical ventilation systems should be considered to ensure a comfortable working environment.

Lighting Design: A reasonable lighting system is crucial for production efficiency and worker safety. Energy-efficient lighting fixtures and natural lighting should be used to reduce energy consumption while providing adequate brightness.

8. Quality Control and Acceptance

Component Production Quality Control: During the production of steel structure components, all parts must undergo strict quality testing to ensure they meet design requirements. This includes testing the steel’s properties, welding quality, and surface treatment inspections.

Construction Quality Monitoring: During construction, regular inspections should be conducted to ensure the quality of the steel structure’s installation, connections, and welding processes meet standard requirements.

Completion Acceptance: After the steel structure factory is completed, a comprehensive quality inspection must be conducted to ensure all components meet design standards and safety requirements.

The construction of steel structure factories requires careful consideration of design, materials, construction methods, and various technical points. Through reasonable design and precise construction, steel structure factories can provide strong load-bearing capacity, flexible space, excellent seismic performance, and low maintenance costs, making them an ideal choice for modern industrial construction.